Basic Elements of Feed: Amino Acids

For those who raise livestock and poultry, amino acid feed is one of their standing feeds. Because protein is the basic element that sustains the growth of organisms, and amino acids are the basic unit of protein, it can be said that amino acids are the basic elements of feed. This is enough to see the importance of amino acid feed. The role of amino acid feed is very comprehensive. It is suitable for any animal. All you need is amino acid feed, whether you are breeding poultry, livestock or fish. This article will describe this wide range of feeds.

This article contains the following:

• Amino acid feed for livestock

• The effect of amino acid feed on poultry

• Amino acid feed for fish

  
  

Effect of amino acid feed on livestock

Livestock are generally mammals, such as pigs, and the amount of weight gain and daily deposited protein increases as the level of lysine in the feed increases. It does not decrease until the maximum need is met; and the amount of feed and carcass fat per kilogram of weight gain decreases with increasing lysine levels.

For cattle, methionine and lysine are limiting amino acids for milk protein synthesis. Increasing the amount of amino acids that reach the small intestine of the cow, especially essential amino acids, increases the amount of milk protein.

In addition, supplementation with methionine and cystine increases wool break strength, elongation and length. Supplying a sufficient amount of amino acids, especially sulfur-containing amino acids, increases the density and diameter of the rabbit hair.

The effect of amino acid feed on poultry

Amino acids have little effect on egg weight in early laying of laying hens, and have a greater impact on egg weight in the future. When the amino acid supply level is less than 5% of the maximum intake, the egg weight drops below 90% of the potential egg weight, and the egg production rate has dropped to 70% of the potential egg production rate. The amino acid that has the greatest effect on egg weight is methionine. In the early stage of egg laying (23-25 weeks old), adding methionine to low protein diet can significantly increase egg weight; in the late egg production (78-102 weeks old), the intake of methionine is reduced from 300mg/day to 270mg/day. Does not affect the egg production rate, can reduce the egg weight.

Amino acid feed for fish

Aquatic animals have a higher need for feed protein content than poultry and livestock. This is an obvious feature of aquatic animal nutrition. Some of the most common farmed fish require 20-40% protein in the feed, which is twice as high as 15-20% protein content for chickens and pigs.

Amino acids are the basic unit of protein. The protein contained in the fish feed can not be directly digested and absorbed by aquatic animals. It must be decomposed into amino acids by the action of enzymes before it can enter the blood through the digestive system and reconstitute its own protein in aquatic animals. There are several kinds of amino acids in the common fish feed after protein decomposition:

1. Lysine

Increase appetite, promote growth and development; promote healing of wounds, fractures, etc.; enhance resistance to various infectious diseases.

2. Tryptophan

The metabolism of tryptophan becomes niacin, threonine and phenylalanine, which has an antagonistic effect on tryptophan; it is closely related to vitamin B6.

3. Methionine

It prevents the fat infiltration of the liver, normalizes the metabolism of fat, and improves the detoxification function of the liver; it can form the mother of cystine; threonine has an antagonistic effect on methionine.

4. Leucine

For metabolism, the first is to transfer amino groups, and finally to acyl-CoA, to synthesize tissue proteins and plasma; leucine has an antagonistic effect on isoleucine.

5. Histidine

The synthesis of substances, especially in the liver; in the catalytic reaction of enzymes in the intestine, plays a coenzyme role; enhances vasodilation and vascular wall permeability.

6. Isoleucine

A mechanism similar to leucine metabolism as a synthetic raw material for sugar sources. Various enzyme reactions are carried out in the liver, kidneys and heart.

7. Arginine

In the kidney and liver, indirectly synthesized by other amino acids, necessary for normal growth and development.

8. Threonine

Anti-fatty liver effect, auxiliary effect. Proline is a raw material for the synthesis of sugar sources and is required for the nervous system.

In general, livestock products are inseparable from amino acid feeds, and only the correct amino acid supplements can make animals achieve the results you want. Of course, it is not only edible amino acid feed, but also other types of feed such as vitamin feed.